Mubeen Ashraf recently completed her M.Phil degree in Defence and Strategic Studies from Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. She is a Columnist, Researcher and Occasional speaker on different cyber related issues at different platforms. He areas of expertise and interest include Cyber Warfare, Cyber Terrorism, Cyber Weapons, Cyber Deterrence, Cyber Threats and Vulnerabilities. She is a researcher at Global Foundation for Cyber Studies and Research, USA.